Pycnothelia papillaria (images of British lichens)

Primary thallus granular, supporting short, vertical, cylindrical, simple or branched podetia topped by brown pycnidia; apothecia red-brown, clusted on the podetial tips, but rare. On peat, locally throughout Britain where suitable habitat exists but inevitably absent from most of lowland England and southern Scotland. Easily taken to be a Cladonia, in which genus it was formerly included.

Refs: Smith et al. (2009), 773; Purvis et al. (1992), 515; Dobson (2005), 376 (photo); Dobson (2011), 379 (photo); Jahns (1983), 220-1 (photo); van Herk & Aptroot (2004), 328-9 (photo); Wirth (1995), 2: 790 (photo); Moberg & Holmåson (1984), 147 (photo); Holien & Tønsberg (2008), 95 (photo, shows apothecia); Hinds & Hinds (2007), 432-3 (photo); Brodo et al. (2001), 610 (photo).

lastdragon.org

Images of British Lichens